Miller Lab alumnus David Freedman and colleagues present a model that shows how categorical neural activity can develop through learning.   As a result of top-down influences from decision neurons, categorical representations develop in neurons that show choice-correlated activity fluctuations.  They test the model via recordings from parietal cortex.

Choice-correlated activity fluctuations underlie learning of neuronal category representation
Tatiana A. Engel, Warasinee Chaisangmongkon, David J. Freedman & Xiao-Jing Wang

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The Miller Lab uses experimental and theoretical approaches to study the neural basis of the high-level cognitive functions that underlie complex goal-directed behavior. ekmillerlab.mit.edu