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  • 2
    Nov 2016

    Cell-type-specific modulation of targets and distractors by dopamine D1 receptors in primate prefrontal cortex


    Miller Lab
    Miller Laboratory, Neuroscience

    Miller Lab alum Andreas Nieder and crew show how dopamine receptors in the prefrontal cortex regulate access to working memory and its protection from interference.

    Jacob, Simon N., Maximilian Stalter, and Andreas Nieder. “Cell-type-specific modulation of targets and distractors by dopamine D1 receptors in primate prefrontal cortex.” Nature Communications (2016): 13218.

  • 31
    Oct 2016

    Video: Goldman-Rakic Prizewinner – Earl K. Miller, Ph.D.


    Miller Lab
    In The News, Miller Laboratory

    Earl Miller wins 2016 Goldman-Rakic Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Cognitive Neuroscience.
    https://bbrfoundation.org/annual-prizes#Goldman

    Watch a video here:

  • 31
    Oct 2016

    Earl Miller wins Goldman-Rakic Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Cognitive Neuroscience


    Miller Lab
    In The News, Miller Laboratory

    The Goldman-Rakic Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Cognitive Neuroscience
    The Goldman-Rakic Prize was created by Constance and Stephen Lieber in memory of Dr. Patricia Goldman-Rakic, a neuroscientist renowned for discoveries about the brain’s frontal lobe, who died in an automobile accident in 2003.

    Earl K. Miller, Ph.D., Picower Professor of Neuroscience, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Building on Pat Goldman-Rakic’s groundbreaking studies, Dr. Miller’s work in primates has broken new ground in the understanding of cognition. Using innovative experimental and theoretical approaches to study the neural basis of high-level cognitive functions, his laboratory has provided insights into how categories, concepts, and rules are learned, how attention is focused, and how the brain coordinates thought and action. The laboratory has innovated techniques for studying the activity of many neurons in multiple brain areas simultaneously, providing insight into how different brain structures interact and collaborate. This work has established a foundation upon which to construct more detailed, mechanistic accounts of how executive control is implemented in the brain and its dysfunction in diseases such as autism, schizophrenia and attention deficit disorder, and has led to new approaches relevant to severe mental illnesses in children and adults.

    MIT press release:
    http://news.mit.edu/2016/earl-miller-receives-goldman-rakic-prize-in-cognitive-neuroscience-1101

    BBRF press release:
    https://bbrfoundation.org/news-releases/brain-behavior-research-foundation-honors-nine-scientists-for-outstanding-achievemen-0

    Watch Award video:
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HxD5ORVQqo&t=4s

  • 13
    Oct 2016

    Earl Miller video collection


    Miller Lab
    In The News, Miller Laboratory

    Earl K. Miller’s Commencement Address at Kent State 5-14-16

    Kent State Professional Achievement Award:

    Digital Lives – The Science Behind Multitasking:

  • 14
    Sep 2016

    New paper: Prefrontal Cortex Networks Shift from External to Internal Modes during Learning


    Miller Lab
    Miller Laboratory, Neuroscience

    Abstract:
    As we learn about items in our environment, their neural representations become increasingly enriched with our acquired knowledge. But there is little understanding of how network dynamics and neural processing related to external information changes as it becomes laden with “internal” memories. We sampled spiking and local field potential activity simultaneously from multiple sites in the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus (HPC)—regions critical for sensory associations—of monkeys performing an object paired-associate learning task. We found that in the PFC, evoked potentials to, and neural information about, external sensory stimulation decreased while induced beta-band (∼11–27 Hz) oscillatory power and synchrony associated with “top-down” or internal processing increased. By contrast, the HPC showed little evidence of learning-related changes in either spiking activity or network dynamics. The results suggest that during associative learning, PFC networks shift their resources from external to internal processing.

    Brincat, S.L. and Miller, E.K (2016) Prefrontal networks shift from external to internal modes during learning  Journal of Neuroscience. 36(37): 9739-9754, 2016 doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0274-16.2016. View PDF

  • 10
    Sep 2016

    NY Times: What Could I Possibly Learn From a Mentor Half My Age? Plenty


    Miller Lab
    In The News, Miller Laboratory

    Earl Miller is quoted in the New York Times:
    What Could I Possibly Learn From a Mentor Half My Age? Plenty (New York Times, Sept 11, 2016)

    “But part of the problem was me — a person in her mid-50s trying to learn something new. Earl Miller, a neuroscience professor at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, explained why progress might be slow.

    As you age, your dendrites — the antennas by which neurons receive information from other neurons — begin to shrink, he said. This is especially noticeable in the prefrontal cortex, which handles higher-order brain functions like focusing, staying on task and forming long-term memories.

    The decline in these areas begins in your 40s and 50s and worsens from there, he said. This can make it tougher to focus. There’s also more of a limit to how many thoughts people can carry in their heads simultaneously.

    “Your mind’s bandwidth is smaller,” he said. “You learn at a slower rate because less information is getting in.”

    <But it’s not all bad news>

    That sounds depressing. Isn’t there any mental upside to getting older?

    Yes, there is, Professor Miller said. Older people tend to be more disciplined and diligent, he said, which can compensate for learning deficits. Based on their greater experience in the world, they are also very good at putting ideas and thoughts into categories — the very basis of knowledge and wisdom.

    It’s true: “The older brain is a wiser brain,” he said. But it can also get into a rut because of its lack of plasticity.

    The brain is like a muscle that benefits from mental exercises such as learning new things. The more you put your brain through its paces, the easier it will be to learn the next thing. “It’s always important to keep yourself cognitively engaged,” Professor Miller said.

  • 31
    May 2016

    The neuronal code for number


    Miller Lab
    Miller Laboratory, Neuroscience

    Miller Lab Alumnus Andreas Nieder tells you everything you need to know about the brain substrates of the sense of number:

    Nieder, Andreas. “The neuronal code for number.” Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2016).

     

     

  • 30
    May 2016

    The Importance of Single-Trial Analyses in Cognitive Neuroscience


    Miller Lab
    Miller Laboratory, Neuroscience

    Stokes and Spaak review our recent work on single-trial analysis of working memory “delay” activity.   This showed that the classic profile of sustained activity as the memory substrate is an artifact of averaging across trials.  The assumption is that averaging cancels out noise.  Instead, it may be covering up important details of the dynamics of neural activity.

    Read more here:
    The Importance of Single-Trial Analyses in Cognitive Neuroscience
    Mark Stokes and Eelke Spaak
    Trends in Cognitive Sciences
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.05.008

    The original paper:
    Lunqvist, M., Rose, J., Herman, P, Brincat, S.L, Buschman, T.J., and Miller, E.K. (2016) Gamma and beta bursts underlie working memory.  Neuron, published online March 17, 2016. View PDF »

  • 28
    May 2016

    Suzanne Corkin, Who Helped Pinpoint Nature of Memory, Dies at 79


    Miller Lab
    In The News, Miller Laboratory

    A wonderful tribute to a dear friend

    Suzanne Corkin, Who Helped Pinpoint Nature of Memory, Dies at 79

  • 27
    May 2016

    New Miller Lab website address


    Miller Lab
    Miller Laboratory

    ekmillerlab.mit.edu

    That is all

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